For this discussion I asked my kids to help me, since my topic for the Final project is about kids in gangs

My children's concerns about kids in gangs is, that they are to young, they think it is cool, the violence- robbery, killing, raping and shooting other kids or adults. What they think has caused this problem is the kids get asked to join, they think it is cool, they think it is going to help them make friends and that their family members will respect them more, and that the kids are getting abused at home. I asked them how is this problem affecting y'all and they told me, that they see the gang kids beating up other kids, stealing from them, both of my kids said that they are afraid that it will go too far and they could be victims in a shooting at school, and that they will get approached and asked to join a gang. I took the questioning to another level and asked them, What do you think about kids in gangs and What is your views on gangs and the crimes they commit? My 14 year old son answered me with that they are trying to act like they are something, when actually they are not. They are no different than any other person trying to get an education or job like the rest of us. He said that gangs are not safe, that they commit robberies, murder, and that they tag everything with their gang signs and makes everything ugly with it. I asked my 12 year old daughter the same questions and she responded with, they think it is cool; other friends are in a gang, that the kids that are in a gang could be getting abused at home. She also said that if they wanted to be in a group that they should join events at school like sports or another group that is sponsored through the school. When I asked her about her views are on gangs and the crimes that they commit, she came back with, they rob and murder people, they beat up other kids, women, and the elderly to get what they want, and that they graffiti their gang signs on everything. She said she is sick of seeing the gang signs on everything in our town. She also amazed me and took it to another level with respect and hurt from family members. She said that the kids that are in a gang are hurting their family members, friends and their selves. Also that their family members will no longer trust or respect them because of what they are doing or what they have done in the past. Also that when a kid joins a gang that it is hard for them to get out of the gang and that being in a gang could or will mess up their future or their lives. It amazed me that she knows more about gangs than my 14 year old son does. Some of my ideas to address these issues with my kids would be: talk to them about the violence, the abuse that could be happening to these kids that are in the gangs, the murdering, the graffiti, just about gang life in general. I can also take my kids to our local enforcement office and let them talk to the detectives that I work with and let them ask questions about it and how they can or should look for. Being open and honest with my kids about this topic of gangs is the best way to address this problem. My kids will benefit from listening to what I have to say about gangs because they know that I have worked and work with our local detectives about this situation and that I know more about this than they do. I can honestly say that I don't have to worry about my kids and gangs because they are too involved with school and sports and they despise all gang activity.

Health Care Delivery System

The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint to Reform Meredith King Ledford Jeanne M. Lambrew David J. Rothman John D. Podesta Abstract This paper explores a published book of concern with the American health care systems and top three health care issues. It shows an overview and recommendations of our health care delivery systems and an overall blueprint for reform. Ledford and Lambrew offer recommendations to promote quality, efficiency, patient-centeredness, and other salient characteristics of a high performing health system.The blueprint is a vision of how different parts of the system should be structured and how they should function ( (Meredith King Ledford, Jeanne M. Lambrew, David J. Rothman, & John D. Podesta, 2008) The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint to Reform Medicare is one of a governments program that shows one of America’s biggest issues. An estimated 2. 3 trillion was spent on health care in the United States in 2007, and the cost of health care cont inues to grow at an astromical rate. (Ranawat) Growing concern about the rate of health care spending has forced policymakers to evaluate new cost control solutions.Increasing spending on Medicare has focused policymakers’ efforts to help control expenditures but it doesn’t help the underlying fundamental flaws. Decreasing reimbursements will likely prompt many physicians to reconsider their participation in the Medicare program (Ranawat). (Meredith King Ledford, Jeanne M. Lambrew, David J. Rothman, & John D. Podesta, 2008) Included some insights on provider payment incentives, one incentive would be to revamp the process for updating the relative value scale used in Medicare’s physician fee schedule so that the relative values more accurately reflect relative costs.Medicaid is a federal and state program that is funded by taxpayers’ income tax payments to the government’s general revenue. Medicaid is one of the largest items in the federal budget, and its cost is growing at a rapid and unsustainable rate. The federal costs of expansion in Medicaid will be about 100 billion annually by 2020. (Edwards, 2010) Federal debt is spiraling out of control, and federal health programs are one of the main reasons why. The cost of Medicaid has grown explosively.Researchers have shown that spending jumped from $118 billion in 2000 to $275 billion by 2010 (Budget of the U. S. Government, Fiscal year 2011 Washington Printing Office 2010. The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint to Reform Conclusion and Future Study In order to gain a complete understanding of the government payment programs and different issues we face in the United States, it would be necessary to conduct a study that examines all aspects of Medicare and Medicaid. This would include The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) www. ms. hhs. gov, U. S. Census Bureau or The Official U. S. Government Web Site for people with Medicare (www. medicare. gov). Reference s Works Cited Edwards, C. (2010). Medicaid Reforms. Meredith King Ledford, M. , Jeanne M. Lambrew, P. , David J. Rothman, P. , & John D. Podesta, J. (2008). Government Payment Programs and Issues. In M. K. Ledford, & J. M. Lambrew, The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint for Reform (pp. 1-128). Center For American Progress. Ranawat, A. (n. d. ). Medicare. Issues of America.

Global Perspectives Essay

1. Globalization can be demonstrates a way towards a well-developed economy, cultural, political and technological interdependence through the national institution and economics. As countries reduce barriers to trade and investment, globalization force their industries to grow more competitive if they want to survive. Globalization is different from internationalization but it is characterized by denationalization. When the internationalization is higher in a country it can import and exports good, services, money and people across the national borders of the company. 2. Globalization of markets can be demonstrated as covering buyer preferences in markets around the world. This method covers in many products such as consumer goods, industrial products and business services. The globalization of markets is important to international business because it offers some benefits for these companies. There are few benefits have been described in follow. * Firstly it reduces marketing costs. This has mainly focused on companies which sell Global products, it can reduce the cost by standardizing their certain market activities. * Another benefit is it creates new market opportunities, because of this a global product can explore opportunities abroad if the home market is small or becomes saturated. * Levels uneven income streams, Accompany which sell their products all over the world, but seasonal appeal can use international sales to level its income stream. 3. Technology speed up the globalization process by introducing new technological aspects to the society. It ease the people to communicate with in the country and make and effect toward the globalization. Introducing new technological instruments encourage the community to use the new aspects and survive the need of the society. Introducing new technology low the barriers of the culture in a country it encourage the community to explore the world as it knows as globalization. As an example wireless internet connection has changed the world. Anyone can explore the world by their smart phone tablet etc. that speed us toward globalization of the country. Task 2 * I interviewed a security officer. His age is 43 and he got this job when he is 21. He has been given his service to the company for 22 years. * Before 22 years ago he had to travel 2 hours towards his working place because the condition of the train system is different from present. * In his working place 20 years ago if an employee, employer or a customer entered to the office this security officer had to check his bag manually by opening all the pockets of the bag, he had to check his all the belongings and he had check his clothes. * Then he had to write down the name and the Id number of the person. But in present these whole process is done by machinery. * Now this security officer has to look at the computer screen in his office computer and check all these things. * If there is anything suspicious the computer will identify it immediately. * Then he has to type the ID number of the person in the computer all the detail will come to the screen with in few seconds. * This demonstrates the way how technological improvements have changed the way the security officer work compared with 22years ago.

Orginizational Development The Process of leading Organizational Essay

Orginizational Development The Process of leading Organizational Change Case Study 6 & 7 - Essay Example The new Hire will work under the Human Resource Management officer generalist. The new employee will focus on career planning, compensation, etc. each group. The client feels the change culture has been managed well at this point. The client, Susan, segregates the Human Resource employees under different functions. The functions include sales and marketing (Paula Washington), Linda Andrews (Software Engineering), and Matthew Williams (Distribution). Each group is helped by a subordinate support team. The new model serves the different internal departments running the entity’s ASP Software business. Each group will have more focus on different assigned tasks. Susan focuses on people reduction to save on salary and other related expenses (Anderson, 2011). In addition, the management team feels happy with the organizational design and culture, especially employee reduction. The company is able to save on salary expenses. The company will save on other related exp enses. Management will increase profits with the reduction. However, the employees have anxiety over the reduction. They feel they may be included among the â€Å"retrenched† employees. The fear change may disadvantage them. The job change will cause stress as the employees learn their new job responsibilities. Susan has done segregating the employees under one homogenous function to improve the quality of its services. One department is called Corporate Functions. Another department is Distribution. A third department is Sales and Marketing (Anderson, 2011). However, Susan should have done differently. Susan should have instituted a brainstorming session. The brain storming session allows all affected persons to contribute their suggestions. Everybody is free to contribute their criticisms and disappointments. An intervention strategy is highly recommended to Susan to improve the current organizational chart’s effectiveness and

Sales Management Practices at Shield Financial Assignment

Sales Management Practices at Shield Financial - Assignment Example In any service or industrial sector, no company can enjoy monopoly; competition always exists. Shield Financial has a major competitor named All-Safe which follows fairly good practices, and Shield Financial also designs and re-designs its products and sales practices in order to compete in a healthy manner. From the case, we have seen that Shield Financial has changed its direction a little in order to stay updated in the competition. Previously, it has always focused on small to medium accounts for generating income, but this time the goal is to target bigger accounts. Focusing on bigger accounts is a challenging task because the sales representatives and managers are quite used to dealing with the small and medium account holders. Shield Financial has named this new approach as the First Plus program. The management practices at Shield Financial are strictly resulted oriented. The senior managers want to achieve the outcomes of the goals they plan out for the company. In the resul t oriented approach, the management determines priorities and ensures that the employees have adequate resources available such as workforce, capacity, and infrastructure. The employees, on the other hand, are given the authority to take personal responsibility for achieving the goals laid down by the senior management. They have to plan out their time, talent and knowledge so that they can deliver results as per the expectations of the management. In our given case, the CEO holds the philosophy that if the employees keep on adding numbers, everything else will take care of itself, meaning if the sales in figures keep coming in, everything will run smoothly. By following the result oriented approach, the management set out the goals for the sales managers to promote the First Plus program as a means to earn revenue. Managers including Doug Bloom find the task challenging because it is difficult to redirect the efforts of the sales staff to just one initiative when they are already w orking hard on their previously set targets. Serving as a sales representative for over four years, Doug Bloom understands that the sales staff will not be happy with the job of taking hold of larger accounts because small accounts are easy to handle and have commission tied up with them too. Furthermore, sales representatives will show clear resentment when the new goal from the corporate would be presented to them. Some might even fail to adopt and resign, so Doug will have to use management skills (such as motivation, encouragement, or non-monetary rewards) to achieve consent and results from his team. This might be a great problem for Doug who is new at the management position.  Ã‚  

Leadership Research and Commentary Annotated Bibliography

Leadership Research and Commentary - Annotated Bibliography Example The authors have provided an insightful information regarding various ways in which leaders can develop agility which may help them in adapting to the dynamic and ever-changing external environment. The discussions provide a strong incentive to the readers to achieve higher levels of efficiency as leaders through the five levels of mastery. This book includes a revolutionary concept with regard to leadership theory and practice. The author has discussed the U theory proposed by Scharmer and Senge, et al., in extensive detail. The various discussions and theories included in the book offer a wide perspective to the readers as well as organizational leaders regarding the manner in which they can develop critical skills to foresee and judge the requirements of the industry and customer’s tastes and preferences. The author has included in-depth interviews of over 150 leaders from across the globe which includes prominent entrepreneurs, educators, economists, cognitive scientists as well as other leaders from diverse fields who have displayed high levels of achievement and performance in their respective areas of expertise. The inclusion of such diverse perspectives helped in approaching the issue of leadership in a manner that allows for a holistic understanding of the concept. In this article, the author has addressed the changing role of management and hence leaders. In such a highly dynamic environment leading an organization towards success is a highly tedious task. It has been observed that at times the CEOs of companies may feel reluctant to actively participate in debates and issues critical to the organizations. In order to help them to confidently confront critical issues and prevent their organizations from any damage.

'Cargo' now intends to introduce justintime. Advise Cargo as to the Essay

'Cargo' now intends to introduce justintime. Advise Cargo as to the main problems they are likely to face and examine how they should overcome these problems - Essay Example As the company sells mainly to the Car industry it has to be noted that a change of ownership(especially in a foreign context) will lead to a clash of management and production culture. Some academics have spoken favourably of the incidents of such a takeover as Graham (1988) notes that 'just-in-time' production is an "innovative paradigm for manufacturing control". This production technique is the brainchild of the Japanese management philosophy and Graham (1988) has expressed the view that British and American systems can benefit from this in order to remain internationally competitive. The previous decades have seen a radical modification in the Manufacturing techniques through the interaction and intersection of Western and Japanese techniques. (Graham 1988, Yamashina 1996) It is worth noting that the political atmosphere of the decade of the eighties made the United Kingdom a conducive political environment for the Japanese foreign manufacturers. (Graham 1988, Yamashina 1996).Th is gave them a chance to transfer their highly competitive manufacturing processes and management techniques to the United Kingdom's production culture and a unique permeation of their specialities like Just-in-Time to their production culture.(McDermott 1996). ... Therefore the output is cost reflective and any accumulation of excessively low level production and inventory methods is highly discouraged.(Epps 1995).The system involves the establishment of highly balanced work flows with sophisticated linkages between the production stages.(Epps 1995).The process will involve the reduction of inventory buffers and a heightened emphasis on the economies of scale from wise efficient procedures.(Mc Dermott 1996). Just In Time owes its origins to the development innovations by Toyota Car Company in the mid fifties and later influenced many major western companies/engineering business concerns like General Electric and Rover.(Mc Dermott 1996). Mc Dermott 1996 and Yeung 1997 have stated in reference to Rover that this British Car company had a lot to learn from its Japanese influence as it benefited immensely by reducing the new product development cycle and reduction in and management levels.Also prominent is the introduction of the minimal inventory control (MIC), a just-in-time system as it embraced its Japanese influence in its new slogan- "Prevention not detection: part of Rover's total quality commitment". (Mc Dermott 1996).Therefore the positive western experience has led to the Just In Time systems to be widely used in British Car manufacturing today.Cargo Engineering Company will have to adopt itself to a number of salient features of the Just In Time innovation. At this point we are assuming that the British car company is neither familiar with the Just-in time culture nor has employed any foreign technical staff. However the presence of British labour laws is acknowledged along with an absence of any major technological changes in the past few years. Based on the analysis by Nataraajan &

Should the English language be the international language Essay

Should the English language be the international language - Essay Example English has now become the language of international communication† (Kirkpatrick 1). Today English is the official language of many international organizations like the United Nations and the International Olympic Committee. For a language to be given the status of an international language, it needs to meet certain criteria. For example, neutrality, it is important for the language to be neutral. It should be able to express many concepts as a natural language; English is considered one of the most expressive languages as it has more words than any other language. It should have flexibility, where speakers have the flexibility even to coin a new word. English as a language meets these criteria to a certain extent. English also has continuity. It is one of the only languages that come closest to meeting al the criteria, therefore closest to be an international language. Many people believe that learning to read, write, and speak English would give them a better future, with many more opportunities open to them. At a global level, knowing to communicate in English gives people more access to higher levels of the labor market, and enables people to interact at a global level. Knowing English also gives people greater access to growing technologies and therefore, provides wider access to knowledge. It is considered a necessity to know English to survive in a global community where competition is high and so is the survival rate. It is easier for a person who knows to communicate in English to survive in today’s world than for a person who does not know English. It does not matter what the accent of that person is, or whether that person is a native speaker or not. Today, it is important to know English if you wish to benefit from technological and scientific research and benefit from business contacts. English is the primary ‘lingua franca’ language today, which means it is one of the

Macroeconomics for business and government Essay

Macroeconomics for business and government - Essay Example This assignment is designed to test your knowledge about the basic terminology used in macroeconomics and your understanding of key macroeconomic concepts. It will also reinforce what is studied in modules 1, 2 and part of module 3. The assignment is made up two parts: part A and part B. The questions in Part A will be marked out of a maximum of 20 marks, and the questions in Part B will be marked out of a maximum of 30 marks in total. Part A This part comprises ten multiple choice questions each worth 2 marks. These questions are designed to test your knowledge of the course content. The questions in this section are typical of the kind of question that will be in part A of the examination paper. Q. 1 Policy makers can become concerned if the unemployment rate is too low because: Answer : B A. stock prices will fall. B. inflation might increase.- C. output will decrease. D. an exchange rate crisis might occur.. Q. 2 If nominal GDP rises from $10 trillion to $12 trillion, while the G DP deflator rises from 2.0 to 2.2, the percentage change in real GDP is: Answer: B A. -10% B. 10% C. 1.1% D. 9.1% E. 20% Q. 3 Which of the following events would cause a reduction in the size of the multiplier? Answer: D A. an increase in the marginal propensity to consume B. an increase in the marginal propensity to save C. a reduction in taxes D. a reduction in government spending E. none of the above Q. 4 Suppose the supply of money equals the demand for money. Given this information, we know that: Answer D A. the price of bonds will tend increase. B. the price of bonds will tend to fall. C. production equals demand. D. the goods market is also in equilibrium. - E. the supply of bonds also equals the demand for bonds. Q. 5 Suppose there is a simultaneous tax cut and open market sale of bonds. Which of the following must occur as a result of this? Answer : D A. Output increases. B. Output decreases. C. The interest rate increases. D. The interest rate decreases. E. Both output and the interest rate increase. Q. 6 The reservation wage is: Answer: C A. the wage that an employer must pay workers to reduce turnover to a reasonable level. B. the wage that ensures a laid-off individual will wait for re-hire, rather than find another job. C. the wage that would make an individual indifferent between working or not working.- D. the wage offer that will end a labour-strike. E. the bribe that must be paid to a maitre d' when you want a table but did not call in advance. Q. 7 Which of the following describe the rising distortionary effects of taxes in the economy: Answer : D A. the price-setting curve shifts downwards. B. the wage-setting curve shifts rightwards. C. an increase in the proportional tax wedge. D. an increase in the natural rate of unemployment. E. all of the above Q. 8 The aggregate demand curve will shift to the right when which of the following occurs? Answer : D A. a decrease in the money supply B. a reduction in consumer confidence C. a rise in the p rice level D. a decrease in taxes E. a decrease in the price level Q. 9 Which of the following represents the medium-run effect of an increase in the price target? Answer : D A. a decline in output B. an increase in the interest rate C. a decrease in the price level D. all of the above E. none of the above Q. 10 - When inflation has not been very persistent, we can expect that: Answer D A. expected price level for a given year will equal the previous year's actual price level. B. the current inflation rate will not depend heavily on past inflation. C. lower unemployment rates will be associated with higher inflation rates. D. all of the above - E. none of the above Part B Please answer each of the following questions using your own words. Use diagrams, tables or equations in your answer where appropriate. As a guide, you should be able to answer questions 11, 12 and 13 within 150 words (each question), and questions 14 and 15 within 250 words (each question), plus diagrams if approp riate (except where a question requires only a list or calculation). Note:

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Essay

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Essay Example As the intake of cannabis has become very much common, one might wonder the rate at which people are hospitalized for it. It has been found out that the trends in hospital separations related to drug-induced psychosis in Australia for cannabis have reduced. The high intake of cannabis can lead to intoxication as a result of which there are accidents. Hospitalization rates have increased due to the accidents that have occurred due to the intake of the drug. An astonishing case of hospitalization has been in the case where a toddler was admitted because he had accidentally consumed the cannabis of his parents. Moreover, hospitalizations were more frequent within the group of indigenous people of Australia.Cannabis when taken on a regular basis and in huge amount in can lead to several problems and lead to different diseases including mental. Children who are addicted to it find themselves performing poorly in schools. In fact, a positive correlation is seen between the use of cannabis and its detrimental effect on education. Cannabis increases the poor performance of the students and ultimately they leave school. Thus it creates a population of uneducated people with severe addiction to cannabis (Lynskey & Hall, 2000). There is a lot of health effects that are associated with the consumption of cannabis. Consumption of cannabis leads to intoxication which affects behavioral skills. As a result, there has been an increase in the number of accidents of those who intake cannabis. Further, continuous consumption of cannabis creates dependence on it which is very hard to leave. Cannabis smoking is â€Å"

My future job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

My future job - Essay Example Similarly, development opportunities in the industry are omnipresent. Marketing management is a very creative job. It has become all the more interesting with the use of latest technology. These days, new ways of marketing management are emerging with the use of latest apps, smartphones, and iPads. These things have increased social connectivity and have provided marketing managers with cheap and yet effective means of gathering information about the consumers. The importance of marketing management for businesses cannot be overemphasized. Any business fundamentally depends upon marketing management in order to be successful. The better the marketing management, the better the planning, administration, execution, control, and modification of the business. Customers’ loyalty with a brand can be primarily attributed to marketing management because brand image is also controlled by marketing managers. To conclude, Marketing Management is a very good profession with a lot of opportunities for development and creativity, and a lot of importance. Job opportunities are abundant. I am looking forward to becoming and growing myself as a Marketing

Computer and Innate Ability Essay Example for Free

Computer and Innate Ability Essay We sometimes think of being good at mathematics as an innate ability. You either have it or you dont. But to Schoenfeld, its not so much ability as attitude. You master mathematics if you are willing to try. Thats what Schoenfeld attempts to teach his students. Success is a function of persistence and doggedness and the willingness to work hard for twenty-two minutes to make sense of something that most people would give up on after thirty seconds In the book â€Å"Outliers†, Malcolm Gladwell discusses some specific factors of extraordinary achievement. Some of the main ideas he discusses is advantages to succeed in life. According to Gladwell, there are tremendous advantages people have over their competitors to meet opportunities. In examining what made outliers like Bill Gates and the Beatles such phenomenal successes, Gladwell hits upon the important role played by opportunity. In each case, these successful people are given opportunities that most others do not have. In the case of Bill Gates, he goes to a school that owns a computer terminal connected to a large central computer. This is unusual in the 1960s and 1970s, when computers are room-sized devices costing millions of dollars and are owned only by large universities and corporations. Gates is able to start u We sometimes think of being good at mathematics as an innate ability. You either have it or you dont. But to Schoenfeld, its not so much ability as attitude. You master mathematics if you are willing to try. Thats what Schoenfeld attempts to teach his students. Success is a function of persistence and doggedness and the willingness to work hard for twenty-two minutes to make sense of something that most people would give up on after thirty seconds One example of this is Billy joy’s lucky advantage that leads him to success. Bill joy attended University of Michigan the year the advanced computer system was introduced so he began to visit the computer room more often than most; he even got a job with the computer science professor. (Sounds like he got same job with professor. I don’t know I think something wrong with that sentence) Working in collaboration with a small group of programmers, Joy to on the task of rewriting Unix, which was a software system developed by ATT for mainframe computers. Billy joy took advantage of his early computer skills to allow him opportunity that was given to him. One example of this is given by Gladwell how their (who? ) birthday can affect their overall performance . The age cutoff entry for junior hockey leagues is January, 1. A 5 year old hockey player born on that day is a little older than other competitors, giving them an advantage in size, strength and coordination. The effect at the age of nine or ten, and of course they are more likely to view as talented the bigger and more coordinated players, who have had the benefit of critical extra months of maturity. So the advantage of being more developed can potentially land them on a professional team, all due to the cutoff dates in professional hockey. Another example of an advantage in succeeding is your IQ score. In the book Gladwell interviews Chris Langan who has the highest IQ score in America. Chris Langan discusses how he had an opportunity to go to college, but never did because his mother never turned in the financial aid paper work Chris should have gone to college to reach his full potential to meet better opportunities to succeed in life. I think you have to change those paragraphs†¦?

Campus Security Management

Campus Security Management Campus Security is traditionally defined as one of the most pervasive problems that a campus or university must address. There is rarely has a campus issue, problem, or challenge that requires the recruitment of everyone in the university to solve. Security Management is about protection of a building and other assets of the building. Security management is encompasses a field of management related to asset management, physical security and human resource safety functions. It entails the identification of an organizations information assets and the development, documentation and implementation of policies, standards, procedures and guidelines. Security is an essential issue for every organisation i.e. government, private, commercial or educational institution. Thus, university security personnel such as campus security officers and campus security guard need to have a strong understanding of campus security. There are many important responsibilities are being brought out in running a university. One of the most important is proper security management. Campus security is necessary in order to keep employees and their belongings safe. All students and university community members are encouraged to be fully aware of the safety issues on campus and to take action to prevent and to report illegal and inappropriate activities. Personal awareness and applying personal safety practices are the foundation of a safe community. Pursuant to the Student Right to Know and Campus Security Act, university monitors criminal activity and publishes the security report, maintaining a three-year statistical history on the campus, on the adjunct campus, and at off-campus facilities used. University also distributes information about the report to students and employees. A copy of this report is also available to prospective students and employees upon request. Various policies and procedures relating to campus security are needed and it expressly reserves the right to modify or adopt additional policies or procedures at any time without notice. Such changes may appear in successive issues of the security report. (Saint Paul College, 2009). Statement of Research Problems: For universities, it is always a challenge in balancing the desire to welcome the public to campus events with the need to protect the safety of the university community. It is exposed to physical risks and vulnerabilities as well as the vandalism because there are many people pass in and out to the campus include the students who stay off-campus. University community such as students and staff as well as workers who work in the campus area always feel unsecure or unsafe when the security system cannot reach to the extent of protection. Unsecure environment will affect the students academics. However, according to the statistics, the people attitude always makes sense that it will never happen here. Thus, due to the lack of awareness on the security among the students, staffs and visitors of the university, this research study is to get a better understanding on the security management and to know how important are the security management. Besides that, this research will identify the students satisfaction toward security management of University of Malaya. Objectives of the Study: To determine the current security system in University of Malaya (UM). To identify the level of satisfaction among students towards current security system in UM. To conclude and make appropriate recommendations to improve on the current security system. Background of the Study: The security is always an issues concerned by community. In the campus, even there is a security system, many students may still not satisfy with the current security system in the universities because many theft cases still happen, make loss on the students and staffs. Thus, a good and efficient security management of a university is important so that to ensure all aspects and assets of the building are kept safe and defended from danger or injury or loss. Security covers all the devices, technologies and specialist materials for perimeter, external and internal protection. This covers everything from sensors and closed-circuit television to barriers, lighting and access controls. Significance of the Study: This study will show an overview of Security Management system to those security administrators and other security personnel as well as the staff and students about protecting campus assets. Through this research, people will more understand the current security system in University of Malaya and thus the administrators and security personnel could more concern on the current security system problem so that will gives awareness to them so that safety of students and the campus more secure. By managing well in campus security, not only the university community will feel more secure, the visitors will also enjoy the benefits because the probability to face problems will be lower. The students also can enjoy the safe and secure academic environment. Scope of Study: This study will look on the security management in University of Malaya. The area of study will concentrate on whole University of Malaya and also Security Office of University of Malaya. The target segment of this research will mainly focus on the students of University of Malaya so that to achieve the objective of the study. Research Methodology: In carrying out this study, understanding of the definition of security and Security Management of campuses and universities will be carried out from secondary data such as magazines, newspapers, encyclopedia, journal articles and abstracts as well as the data mainly collected from internet. Besides that, the current security system of University of Malaya can also be studied. In addition, questionnaire surveys data will be collected from students so that can know the satisfaction level on security in University of Malaya among them. The data collection and information gathered will be put into chart in the most proper way. Thus, every data and information gathered will be analyzed before the study can reach the conclusion. Structure of the Study: This chapter provides a concise introduction to the topic of this study. It includes statement of research problems, objectives of the study, background, significance of the study, scope of study, research methodology and the structure of the study. In the Chapter 2, the Literature Review, provide information to better understanding on the security management of university including the role of security and types of security. Besides that, this chapter will also study the importance of the security policy and the devices used in implementation of campus security. Chapter 3 is the Case Study which will study on the current security system and management in University of Malaya. All information and documentations that related to the Security Office and the security of University of Malaya will be studied. This chapter will also examine the case study which looks on types of security system such as the traffic control, CCTV, access control, issuing of vehicle sticker and special team as well as role of security guards. Chapter 4 is the Findings and Analysis of the research methodology. Before proceed with analysis, research methodology will be briefly explained. The quantitative research will provides the tabulation of the quantity survey through questionnaire survey. The result will base on the analysis of the data collected as well as observation. Lastly, Chapter 5 is the Conclusion and Recommendation. The conclusion of the study will be derived from the findings and analysis done in previous chapter. After of all, the suggestion and recommendation regarding improvement of security system will be made.

Studying The Numerous Functions Of Maybank2u Information Technology Essay

Studying The Numerous Functions Of Maybank2u Information Technology Essay Fund transfer simply means send some amount of money from an account to another account via Internet. By having this function, Maybank2u(M2U) allows its registered users to transfer fund online without having queuing at bank counter to carry out transaction. For example, parents can transfer fund to their children who study overseas by using this service. Besides, corporate user can use this function to pay their supplier and so they do not need to use cheque to make payment which is more risky compared to fund transfer because the user or supplier may lost the cheque. On Maybank2u.com, users can transfer funds between own Maybank accounts, e.g. from savings account to current account, to other Maybank accounts, to other local banks or financial institutions and transfer funds overseas. Transfer between own Maybank accounts M2U users can transfer funds between own Maybank accounts. To transfer funds between own Maybank accounts: Users must be a registered M2U user. First, login on Maybank2u.com. They can then choose banking area of Accounts and Banking to transfer funds. An overview of saving and current accounts balance will be shown on screen afterward. By clicking Transfers at the option panel at left hand side, it will bring users to main transfer page and users can choose own account transfer. Then, users can enter transfer details such as amount to be transferred, transfer funds from which account to which account and select an effective date for the transfer to take place. After this is done, users can review transfer details to confirm the transaction. If users have changed their mind, they can correct it by moving back to the previous page. If users confirm the transaction, they can click the Confirm tab and a confirmation screen will be shown to show whether the transfer is successful or fail. Users will be given a unique reference number for the transfer as record. They can then print receipt of the transfer or make another transfer. This transfer takes less than 3 minutes to be done. It is fast and convenient. There is no limit for users to transfer fund between own accounts as long as there is balance in their account. Transfer.jpg Figure 1.1: Own account transfer Transfer to third partys Maybank account To transfer funds from own account to third partys Maybank account, M2U users can choose to transfer funds immediately or at a selected future date, just like how transferring between own accounts does. If users have selected any future transfers, all the outstanding future transfers will be recorded in a table and users are allowed to check on pending funds transfer and cancel them anytime. However, there is a limit for daily transfer which is of maximum RM5000 per day. This service is free of charge. Steps to carry this transfer are almost the same with that of transfer between own Maybank accounts. The differences between these two are users have to select 3rd party account transfer instead of own account transfer. There are also some functions available in this transfer. The first function is 3rd Party Account Maintenance. This function allows users to save account details of someone whom users transfer funds frequently, so that users do not need to key in account number every time when they want to transfer funds. Users are allowed to save up to 20 favourite accounts and update or delete the account details. Another function provided for this transfer is Transaction Limit Maintenance. The maximum limit of amount that users can transfer per day is RM5000. Users may set their own daily transaction limit from 1 cent to maximum of RM5000. Besides, for immediate transfer, users are allowed to send e-mail to recipients in order to inform them that they have transferred money to their accounts. Transfer1.jpg Figure 1.2: Transfer to 3rd partys Maybank account Transfer to accounts of other local banks or financial institutions M2U users can also transfer funds to savings or current accounts of other local banks or financial institutionssuch as Alliance Bank, CIMB Bank, HSBC, Citibank, etc. This transfer is named GIRO Interbank Transfer. There are a few types of payment can be made through GIRO which is funds transfers to savings or current accounts, credit card payment, loan payment and hire purchase payment. During weekdays, recipients will receive fund transferred at the same day if users transfer fund before 12pm and the money will be credited to recipients account before 12 midnight. For funds transferred after 12pm, recipients will receive the amount in the next working day. For funds transferred during weekends and public holidays, recipients will receive the money in the next working day. Steps to carry out this transfer are almost the same with the steps above but senders have to select New Interbank GIRO Transfer and they also needed to select which bank to transfer to before they enter transfer details. Senders will also be questioned about whether they want validation of recipients ID at their bank. m2.jpg Figure 1.3: Transfer to other banks account There is also a daily transfer limit for this transfer which is RM5000 and there is also RM2 charge for service fee. Like the transfer funds to third party, users can also set their favourite IBG Transfers to their favourite list and there is a maximum of 20 favourites. Transfer funds overseas If M2U users want to transfer funds (cash or credit money) overseas online, users can do this by using Foreign Telegraphic Transfer. Users can transfer money to 3rd party account by Credit to Account to 50 countries in 24 currencies conveniently while for cash, users can only send it to 6 countries. Maybank2u has set a daily transfer limit for this fund transfer. To transfer cash, users must transfer at least RM250 or maximum up to RM1000. For credit to account, users must transfer at least RM250 and maximum up to RM10000. This transaction is processed by SWIFT and TAC (security code) authentication, so it is fast and safe. Besides, Maybank2u is able to calculate the value of the funds that you want to transfer by converting currency instantly. The amount will then be debited directly from users Maybank saving or current account to 3rd party account. Maybank will charge a transaction fee of RM10 to sender for each transaction carried out. Recipient will also be charged by their bank and the amount is different in every country. The time taken for recipient to receive money depends on recipients bank. Besides all these transfers functions, on the Transfers page, users are also allowed to check transfer history, future transfers and foreign telegraphic transfer history and manage their favourite transfers. CREDIT CARDS There are total 23 types of credit card available in Maybank. Details about various types of credit cards are available on Maybank2u.com. People who are Malaysian and aged 21st to 65th years old with specified range of amount of income can apply for Maybank credit card. For supplementary cardholders, they must be of at least 21st years old. For those who wish to apply Maybank credit cards, they are provided with a function which can help them to get a card that is best suit themselves. First, they will be questioned about their income and also what type of card are they looking for. After make selection, all results will be shown and users are allowed to make comparison between cards. credit card2.jpg Figure 1.5: Choose income range and types of card After users have made decision on which card to choose, they can download application form from Maybank2u.com, print it and fill in details. For applicants who wish to have a supplementary cardholder, they can download supplementary form online too. After all these are done, they can hand up the application form attach with all required documents to one of the branches to apply for credit card. dl application form.jpg Figure 1.6: Download credit card application form IMPROVEMENT There are total 8 methods available in Maybank to transfer fund which are Maybank Money Express, Foreign Telegraphic Transfer, 3rd party own account transfer, GIRO Interbank Transfer, China Remittance Service, MEPS Interbank Funds Transfer, Foreign Worker Telegraphic Transfer and MoneyGram Money Transfer. However, there are only three methods available on Maybank2u.com. In order to increase customers option in transferring funds, Maybank should include a few more methods on Maybank2u.com. In other words, it should make any of the five methods available to use online. For example, Maybank Money Express is one of the methods that allows overseas recipients to receive money instantly. By providing reference number given by the sender, recipients can receive the money immediately without having to wait. If this function is available online, users (sender) do not have to travel to branch physically to perform this transaction and recipients can still receive money at once. By having this, users can transfer funds in a more efficient manner. This directly increases customers satisfaction and also the banks reputation and it may attract more customers since it provides the most convenient way for customers to transfer funds overseas. Besides, M2U should increase daily transfer limit for transfer fund to 3rd party account. The default daily transfer limit is RM5000. If users want to transfer more than RM5000, they have to wait until next working day or proceed to ATM to conduct the transaction. This causes inconvenience to users who wish to transfer funds in a larger amount without having travel to branch physically. So, M2U should increase its daily transfer limit so that users can transfer more money online. NEW FUNCTIONS In order to response more promptly to customers request, M2U should provide a function which allows customers to have direct conversations with customer service representatives online when they face problem in using functions on M2U. This is also known as chat box. Many online shopping websites adopt this function so that they can react faster to customers question and need. Conventionally, when users face problems, they either give a call to customer service department or send e-mail and wait for their reply. These take time and some customers may feel impatient while waiting for their reply. Businesses should always place their customers as their top priority and they should fulfill customers need as much as possible and as fast as possible. So, if M2U develop this function, it can response more quickly to customers need and this indirectly increase customers satisfaction and they can retain customers loyalty. For users who wish to apply Maybank credit card online, M2U again causes another inconvenience as there is no function that allows customers to apply credit card online. All it has are only detailed information about credit cards and users can download application form if they want to apply credit cards. So, M2U should insert this function and it can further develop another function for applicants to upload supporting documents. By having this, supporting documents such as NRIC, latest BE form with official tax receipt, latest 2 months salary slips, latest 3 months savings account activity/current account statements, etc can be uploaded and submitted online by the applicants together with the application of credit card. This function really bring great convenience for people who are busy and always have no free time to travel to branch physically.

Wallis Simpson Essay -- essays research papers fc

American socialite Wallis Simpson, the woman for whom Edward VIII gave up the throne in 1936, is variously portrayed as a greedy snob, a sexual predator or part of the romance of the century. A complex figure emerges: a strong-willed woman, hungry for independence, but caught up in a situation she could not control. Mrs. Wallis Simpson has become an emotional figure in history. Along with this, many descriptions of her personality and motives for being with Edward have caused some extremely negative descriptions; the nicer ones range from witch to seductress. So who really was Mrs. Wallis Simpson? Bessie Wallis Warfield, named after her aunt and her father, as she was born in Baltimore, Maryland, was something of a misfit from the start. Her arrival in June 19,1896 came just seven months after the marriage of her parents, causing some embarrassment to Warfield relatives for whom moral propriety was essential as the elite of Baltimore society. Bessie's father died when she was five months old and throughout her formative years, she and her mother had to rely on irregular handouts from a wealthy relative. Because her father left them with no money so they relied charity from her mother’s husband’s late brother. As Wallis grew into a young woman, she was not necessarily considered pretty. Yet Wallis had a sense of style and poses that made her distinguished and attractive. She had radiant eyes, good complexion and fine, smooth black hair, which she kept parted down the middle for most of her life. Bessie discarded her first name - because "so many cows are called Bessie" - and learned how to flirt. But she was still shut out of the world she regarded as her birthright. Soon after the humiliation of "coming out" without the usual debutante's celebration ball, she grasped the first means of escape from Baltimore by becoming engaged. On November 8 1916 she was married to her first husband, at the age of 20 was to a Navy pilot Earl Winfield Spencer. The marriage was reasonably good until the end of World War I when many ex-soldiers became bitter at the inconclusiveness of the war and the difficulty in adapting back to civilian life. After the Armistice, Win began to drink heavily and also became abusive. Wallis eventually left Win and lived six years by herself in Washington. Win and Wallis weren't yet divorced a... ...buried alongside Edward in the royal burial ground at Windsor. Bibliography 1.Agate, James. Ego 8: Continuing the Autobiography of†¦ London, 1948. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (272pp). 2. Bloch, Michael. The Duke of Windsor's War. London, 1982. Illusts. Royal 8vo. or.cl. (398pp). 3. Bloch, Michael (ed). Wallis & Edward: Letters 1931-1937. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1986. 4. Broad, Lewis. Queens, Crowns and Coronations. London, 1952. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (184pp). 5. Bryan, J.B. and, C.J.V. Murphy. The Windsor Story. London, 1979. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (640pp). 6. Buchan, John. Memory Hold the Door. London, 1940. Illusts. 8vo. or.cl. (328pp). 7. King, Greg; The Duchess of Windsor: The Uncommon Life of Wallis Simpson; Kensington Pub Corp: April 2003 8. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright  © 2003 Columbia University Press. 9. Encyclopedia, â€Å"Love Stories of the Century†, Jan. 16, ‘04; www.encyclopedia.com 10. The History Channel, Search; Jan. 16, ‘04, www.historychannel.com 11. Warwick, Christopher. Abdication. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1986. 12. Ziegler, Paul, King Edward VIII: The Official Biography (London: Collins. 1990) 224.

Hucks Contradiction in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay

Huck's Contradiction in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Huck was a boy who thought very little of himself, but had a huge impact on others.   His moral standing was based on what is easier, right or wrong.   He lived the way he wanted to live, and no one told him otherwise.   He had the adventure of a lifetime, and yet he learned along the way. Although Huck has certain beliefs about himself, his actions and decisions contradict these beliefs.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Huck may consider himself lazy, but in reality, he is a very hard worker.   At one point, Huck wants to get away from his father so he comes up with a scheme to fake his death and escape from his cabin:   "I out with my saw and went to work on that log again. I took the sack of corn meal and took it to where the canoe was hid and shoved the vines and branches apart and put it in. I had wore the ground a good deal, crawling out of the hole and dragging out so many things.   So I fixed that as good as I could from the outside. Then I fixed the piece of log back into its place. I took the ax and smashed in the door-I beat it and hacked it considerable, a-doing it.   I fetched the pig.and laid him down on the ground to bleed. Well, last I pulled out some of my hair, and bloodied the ax good, and stuck it on the back side, and slung the ax in the corner" (24).   If Huck were lazy, he would not have gone through all that trouble to escape, if he escaped at all.   A lazy person would have just stayed there and not worried about what happened.   At another point in the novel, Huck and a runaway slave, Jim, are on an island where th... ...x, James M. From Mark Twain: The Fate of Humor (Princeton University Press, 1966) "Southwestern Vernacular" pp. 167-184. Copyright @1966 by Princeton University Press. Rpt. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Ed. Claude M Simpson. Englewood Cliffs,N.J. 1968.    Fishkin, Shelley Fisher, Phd. "Teaching Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finn", 1995, July Summer Teachers Institute, Hartford, Connecticut @1995    http://www.pbs.org/wgbn/cultureshorck/teachers/huck/essay.html    Leavis, F.R. "Three New Approaches to Huckleberry Finn". (London: Chatto and   Windus, Ltd., 1955) Rpt. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Adventures of  Ã‚   Huckleberry Finn Ed. Claude M Simpson. Englewood Cliffs,N.J. 1968.    Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.   

Comparing T.S. Eliot and Charles Dickins :: essays papers

Comparing TS Eliot and Charles Dickins The poetry written by Thomas Stearns Eliot, Portrait of a Lady has a strong connection with the novel by Henry James. Both deal with almost the same issues. In the poem Eliot talks about how a person will live his or her life during the 19th century. How they would always do exactly what was considered right during that era in society. Eliot mention how rare and strange it is to find true friends. In the novel everyone pretend to be your best friend and was only using the person to benefit something for his or her own convections (Lozano, 2). You do not know how much they mean to me, My friends, and how, How rare and strange it is, to find In a life composed so much, So much of odds and ends (Eliot 19-21). Many people during the 19th century really made friends so that they can have more people coming to their tea parties, one of the things that are mention in the poem as well as in the novel (Lozano, 3). Isabel Archer was considered to be a very innocent lady; she was being taken advantage so that others can get what they wanted when all she wanted was a real friend. Madame Merle was a clever woman who used her to get money for her daughter (Henry, 181). Repeatedly saying in this poem that he will serve tea to his â€Å"friends†. He is saying that in this era there was no such thing as a real friend even though everyone wanted one of his or her own. For everybody said so, all our friends, They all were sure our feelings would relate So closely! I myself can hardly understand. We must leave it now to fate.

Computer and Information System Essay

The single information technology system that holds the most potential for my organization is Electronic Health Records (EHR). The organization I am associated with is a small orthopedic surgery practice that houses five physicians. Each physician operates as an independent private corporation and maintains an individual chart for each patient. If a patient visits multiple physicians within the clinic, the patient will have multiple charts. The medical records area houses all the charts for all the physicians. An EHR system would reduce storage space, allow physicians to have better information access when treating patients already seen by other physicians within the clinic, and reduce costs in supplies for paper charts and medical records personnel. EHR systems are supposed to increase the quality of patient care and revitalize practices by saving the health care system by 77. 8 billion annually (Baron, 2005). Approximately 78% of physicians in the United States operate in practices with fewer than eight physicians (Baron, 2005). Therefore, overcoming and understanding the obstacles these small practices face will be essential in successful EHR systems. EHR systems work to help reduce repetitive processes such as prescription refills and documenting, real-time, conversations with patients for better continuity of care. The major barriers of EHR systems are initial costs, training, and long-term support. In all, an EHR system would allow physicians in our small practice to communicate more clearly with patients on the telephone, transmit important information efficiently to other specialists, spend less time paging through charts for obscure lab values, and allow physician’s access to current health information without having to leave the room and interrupt a patient encounter. By far, an EHR system would have the single most impact in my organization.

Faamatai: Traditional Religious System

It in addition alms to define and project ghostlike connections amidst the Mat ashes and the tabulate (Indigenous pietism). decease hardly non least, it besides tensenesses on how the for flavorlession changed after Christianity arrived. M some(prenominal) state define the stipulation snarl in different representations. For example, Via and closed chain define entangle as a member of the nun ( resolution) and a loss leader of an algae potato ( wide family) with a colonial ne 2rk of f both(a) (diffuse ethnic connections. P eachs offers some other(prenominal) deflation which states that drag in evolves from two words flatness (eye or check intoing) and l (to struggleds or at).When two words ar put together, It creates a traditional definition, the act of fancying towards or at some unity or something. In other words, a mo nononic is the look of the family. He or she is the role feigning of the family. Family members look up to him or her as a pie-eyed l eader and legal decision maker. To infer the textile of the snap frame, wizness essentialiness first look backward the Samoan culture characteristics. The Samoan get a line their culture as the Fashion agency of breeding according to impost.P e re whollyy last(predicate)s described the line Fashion as rearring to the past slipway of life Inherited from the radicals. The rod FAA office in the compositionner of, so the Samoan do it blend in with trusted words in wander to pipeline the different shipway of doing things. Traditionally, on that point atomic number 18 no laws in the context of the Samoan culture. However, Samoan tidy sum respected the decisions do by their own sluggishness. To further netherstand the Samoan way of life, ane must understand the colonisation organise In the Samoan culture.The (nun) colonization Infra gram tousleical construction Is made up of all extended females and relatives who concern In that accompaniment colony. Th ey are exclusive heirs and descendents of the compressed much(prenominal) as father, mother, buddy sister and etc In the alga, all tush be related whether by soulal line of credit as trace fit to a viridity ancestor, finished marriage ties or stock- up to now adopted connections. At the organise of for each one alga was a mire. He was the one who held the family title until it was passed on by woof rather than by inheritance. The first comprise in becoming a mat was to serve as a tattletales (untitled man).A tattletales Is specify as an untitled man who serves his mat with honor and diligently. Being In this mastermind aim requires a lot of patience and caring. each tattletales has one goal in life which was taut (serve) as further excuseed by Applied as follows A effectuate mat a Samoa faithful muumuu maim lava downwind(prenominal) tag as taut Elli I lee(prenominal)(prenominal)ward mat male alga ma lee nun. O taut a lee tunas e mama maim AI fumigants sees. A iii SE e via Oho I lee tutelage pull, all e taut, AAU o lee ala I lee pull o lee taut. When a head word was chosen, a individual who served the chief, family and village swell up Is virtually likely the primary he must first serve because the cartroad to leading is service) When a mat was sought, each alga would agree on a chance and accordingly all would decide on one who would be worthy to watch over to the title. Once receiving the title of mat, he is responsible for the leadership of the whole family. In the raw o lee nun (council of chief), the mat was the one who represented the whole family.The confidence of the mat was freely expressed by him in all divisions, but burn uply of the time he is free in so far as what he does was for the good of the family. In this respectful way, it could be seen, that the role of the mat was not solely authoritative, but it was likewise one of serving. It was whence seen that all behavior was conditioned by the loyalty and d evotion not just of the mat but the whole family. It was the disdain of ones family which seemed to be the basis of the Samoan culture. This has been an initiating broker by which law and order was kept.In the Fashion, the extended family is the basic component of the village. Like I mentioned earlier, the village infrastructure is made up of all extended families which headed by a senior chief. With verboten the extended families and their chiefs, thither would be no council of chiefs in the traditional village structure. The village itself became a itemor in guardianship the fuddled bond at bottom the familiarity. Socially, each village was embraced by a common pupilages (traditional greeting of mat titles in seniority).Mauve tell that a pupilages is a rotational formula which contained all the dignity accorded to the village e superfluously to the principle chiefs, stating their analogyship to the broader purplish lineages of Samoa. In the olden times, Samoan lived in a hierarchical nightspot. In all levels of its semi semipolitical structure including the mat system, it was so agnise for it to be seen. Through all these levels, in that location was one of unifying soak up at work in the guardianship of law and order much(prenominal) as loyalty and devotion, organism soften of the family, and villages and districts connecting to the purple line.Politically, with the hierarchical structure of society, it could be seen that the quaint matinee idols were in any case structured in such a way. It was the courtship that authority was delegated from the acme to the bottom. If on that point was a need to lead out a proposal or any radical reports, it was first to be ap proved by the laid-backer(prenominal) authorities. liberty had to be sought from the chiefs. Although these different levels good-tempered existed in the Samoan society, but there was ease the awareness of the necessity to de ratify together as a collective unity in order to survive.The socio-political structure of the mat system was look atd to buzz off great magnificence. Many entrustd the importance again lies inside the mind that it was probably within such a companionable structure and that the structuring and the pinch of the paragons had originated. jibe to Mauve, he stated In Samoan society, there were As such as the As Militate, As Loyola or As Amiga. The As gives the core of macrocosm in truth high in gross within the Samoan society. The full nub of this word would not be expressed if all the word healthy was used.The meaning of the word was not only honorable but took up other meanings such as sacredness and holiness in the pursue of been higher above all others in society. In this sense, As would really refer to the Alai(high or paramount chief). An Alai(high chief) was considered as the head of the village and its council of chiefs. Telltale (high talking chief) were orators and they stave on the behalf of the Alai. jibe to Applied, mat were unceasingly the ruling military units in the society. Their authority is still strong today.Their authority was to be chiefs were, it was unendingly to be carried out by the magma(group of tattletales or untitled men). What tramp be verbalise at this point is that in the morphological crop up of the Samoan society, there is a gain distinction amidst the higher and glower classes. The structure of the society and the distinctions could have been the basis of the religious structuring and thought of the ancient idols. In fact, the Samoan endemic religion also had a structure where there was the recognition of higher theologys and lower gods.In such a structure, there were responsibilities and functions performed by the gods that coincided with the responsibilities set out in the social life of the mickle. If the high chiefs were seen to rule and provide permission, then the higher gods were seen to posses more than power. The highe r gods would then be sought for the granting of the things that the society wanted. In this section, I leave do-nothing focus on the religious connection betwixt the Mat system and a more detailed study of the traditional religious beliefs and other cultural practices.I strongly look at that much of these beliefs and practices had great modify on the way Samoan had endureed Christianity. beforehand Europeans had ever set foot on the islands, Samoan had their own beliefs of deities confided to be divine. jibe to Melissa, he stated Samoan religion as it generally understood refers to a system of beliefs, the ceremonial and tall activities that are associated with it, and the worship of a eldritch being or beings. In addition, Samoan had no national religion. This was a time of myths and what has a good deal been referred to as a time of superstitious beliefs.It was at this early stage that these myths and the floor of Samoa were preserved in memories and through spontan eous traditions. According to traditional beliefs, every man-to-man had his own tutu(guardian spirit). It was the case that the families had little gods and villages had their own local deities. These deities such as fire, rain, agriculture and etc Were insider sacred and classic to the Samoan. In the next couple of paragraphs, I will briefly explain the religious connections of the mat system and the native religion through some a(prenominal) traditional beliefs such as the Toga myths, man, spirits, and other mixed gods.One of the near best-selling(predicate) beliefs in Samoan society was the toxicologic macrocosm myth. In the alga, the head of the family is considered as the mat which was closely similar to the toxicologic and his rule. According to one myth, it stated that toxicologic existed as the main source in space and created the heavens. He was also cognize as the superior being or leader. I study these creation stories had influenced umpteen traditional terra firma views of the Samoan and its mat system. In fact, the mentality about Toga creating Samoa still exists.The variety of these creation stories has led to the idea that traditional beliefs had been elaborately connected in Samoa. In this case, the Samoan culture was produced in distinction of ranks and indigenous religion enforces it by giving the high ranks a special place in it. As also stated by Isaiah The Samoan be system and cultural structure appears deceptively simple on the surface at first glance, but a deeper look into it vales a very competitive, complicated and firm system. The religious beliefs of the mountain played a very all- classic(prenominal) part in society.As I mentioned earlier, the Titus (guardian spirit) had influenced many another(prenominal) Samoan greatly especially the mat. The tutu is sometimes considered as a god of an individual. In virtually cases, mat are considered as the god of their own family. They believe the spirit of an ancestor is li nks the mat system to the indigenous religion is the concept of man (invisible alert force) which responsible for all the startling occurrences and effects beyond the human mind. In the Samoan culture, if a mat was able to obliterate another mat at war, then he was said to have feature more quantities of man than the man he defeated.This concept was unendingly associated within the mat system. The traditional belief of man(power) that a mat had to protect the family physically and his ability to planning materially had been a strong arriere pensee for becoming a leader. Man, however was also know in the primitive world as the abundant special supernatural forces that could present in a man. In Samoan society, man was that force behind anything which was impossible for man to do. In this case, Samoan believe man and gaga(spirits) have strong relations.It can be noted that for a man or mat to mystify man, it would be possessed through party favour of the gods or the passing o f it to him by another man who had it before him. Many scholars cut this concept as a way for the gods to communicate their will to the people. Many believe that Samoan were also affiliated to polytheistic beliefs. Applied stated that the life of the people depended greatly on the gods in which they consented as having strong powers over them. It was the gods that they would always call upon in times of difficulties. both(prenominal) of these various gods such as Laminas, Lethally, and Fee were believed to garter many people avoid vomit upness, war and death. Laminas was defined as the child of the moon. This crabby god was identified with the moon. In worshipping this god, there was much feasting and prayers. The head of the family or mat would pray that the god would financial aid their family to prevent disease and death from first appearance their home. In other cases, such as war, this god was also asked to help that particular family or chief. It has been noted that this god was one of the inferior gods in the traditional beliefs of theSamoan society. other particular god which many believe to be one of the well cognize house- hold gods was Lethally. This god was cognize to be embodied in the form of the centipede. In worshipping this god, people would often seek it in a tree that was usually near the house. If a someone within the family was very cast off, this god was called upon as to determine whether this person would die or become well again. In this particular belief, the mat would halt a mat outside and depend the coming of this god. The mat would be under close observation.If the god did come, and was seen to eave crawled under the mat, this meant that the sick person would die. If the god came and crawled on the mat, this meant that sick persons health would be restored. One of the or so famous gods which was also well known to the Samoan people was the Fee (octopus). This god was often worshipped as the warriors god. It was b elieved that this god had its resting place on the island of Western Samoa. According to Melissa, it showed that before any war, the chiefs would seek this god and receive his signaliseings.In receiving the blessing of this god, there was the vicissitude of position among the warriors. As a matter of fact, the main point behind all these traditional beliefs is that these gods really had much affect on the lives of the people. Not only the gods helped wartime or other ceremonial events. This proved to me that many of these gods were considered as important factors behind keeping the law and order in the Samoan society and also the mat system. Samoan also had strong affection towards many cultural practices such as the outage, VA communion, biogas, sofas and etcIn the next part of the research, I will explain the relationship of the mat system and each cultural practice that Samoan hared and believed in since ancient times. Earlier, I mentioned that the framework of the Samoan soc iety was revolved close to the mat. These mat were responsible for all lands and matters pertaining to the alga. They also served as main decision makers for the alga or village. They also had man(power) that could cause any injury to anyone in society. In this matter, the power of the chiefs and traditional beliefs of the gods was believed to bring law and order in unity.It also brought strong ties and cultural connection between the gods and chiefs. One of the intimately important cultural practices that Samoan dealt with was known s outage (oath). According to Mauve, outage is one of the scariest and most sacred practices that chief ever pull together in the olden time. In this practice, the accuse offender goes before the village councils and admits his guilt. This was where the hero-worship of the gods came in to help solve a problem within society. This method was stringently practiced and enforced by the chiefs.According to the practice, if a crime was committed and the person who committed the crime was not known, all the villagers would be gathered by the chiefs of the village. Each person was asked to sake the outage(oath) and swear by the trope of their own family god or village god. The chiefs then asked the curse words of the gods to be on that person if he was the one. It was often the case that the curse would include ones family member to become very ill if the person lied. It was the fear of these curses by the chiefs that would lead the guilty person to confess. In fact, many believe these cultural practices scarcely failed.The reason for this is because the guilty individual really feared the possibility of offending the gods and he could not at any time via media the reputation of the await to which he belonged. some other important cultural practice that Samoan still carried on today was the VA eucharist. VA ceremony is a traditional ceremony in which formal speeches are present among the chiefs. This ceremony usually held durin g the welcoming of the amalgam(traveled group). The religious part of this ceremony is when a chief relate his VA cup. Before each chief jam his cup, a portion of the VA was poured out of the cup.This was considered as an fling to the gods. It was also a sign of respect to acknowledge the help of the gods in bringing the Amalgam to their destination. To clearly explain the meaning of it, Tubule stated The spilling of a a few(prenominal) drops of VA on the floor before insobriety would seem to have the same entailment as do many of the ceremonies in/the various religions of the world incense fervent sprinkling of holy water offering libations of wine and the offering of sacrifices varying from overreach notes to lizards eggs all are offered with the idea of placating or seeking the assistance of some divinity.We are apt, perhaps, to view the custom of the Samoan as being just the prostration of the intellect at the thresh-hold of the unknown, but re not all sacrifices by whomsoever offered, Just this. Mauve also stated that among the chiefs. For example, a chief would say o lee VA linen o lee VA o taut, la mania lee auto ambulant It means this VA, it is for the gods, bless our gathering. In all, I bring out that most of these traditional practices shared an important relationship between religion and social life of the Samoan people.It was so clear that Samoan had to live in a society where religion was seen as an important aspect in the culture. It was also clear that many of these cultural beliefs and traditional practices were considered as a set stage for Christianity. In this stage, it pointed out two important let out fragments that summarized the whole relationship between the mat systems and indigenous religion. One separate element was the recognition of one great god above all gods, which was Toxicological.It was this god that was so superior and was given such high respect. This reveals that even though Samoan were viewed as polyth eists, there was still the recognition of one god, Toga. Secondly, Fear for the gods and spirits was another key element in the Samoan indigenous religion. This element explains the fact that gods could bring fortuity to the people o matter what the case is. It can be said that the people in fearing had imagine the awful punishments that could take place because of disobeying the chiefs and the gods.With all the tradition beliefs and cultural practices that Samoan shared in their society, I can now have a clear mind of what the early missionaries had walked into. Last but not least, this section focuses on the unused changes of the mat system when Christianity arrived in Samoa. During my research, I found many ways of how the traditional and cultural beliefs were adapted to accept and embed Christianity without losing its value. I also found out how the mat system was tardily led to the process of accepting the new religion.There are many reasons why Christianity was considerabl y accepted in Samoan society. Some of those reasons can be willingly pertinacious while other reasons are more difficult to discover. To look deeply in those reasons, I trace it back to the importance and significance of the cultural and traditional beliefs that I mentioned earlier in the research. A fact that is now to be noted is that many of these beliefs and practices are still kept by the people. Though there have been many changes that have taken place, the practices of the past can till be noticed in the present.In the mat system or political structure of Samoa, mat were always nous the families or villages. Within any villages, there was an Alai (high chief) that holds a higher rank. The fact is that there is only one Alai for a village and his authority becomes highly respected and recognized. According to Applied,Alai would hold the authority to express what to do and forbid the things that should not be done. This political structure is very similar to those that Chris tianity shared.This was one of the few reasons why Samoan soft accepted the Christian god because of the thermolabile of owing respect and obedience to anything that the chief ordered. Another reason that linked the mat system to the new religion was the creation myth of Toxicological. During ancient times, Toga was referred as the shaper of the heaven and earth. I personally believe that the knowledge of these myths created a clear path for Samoan to easily accept the new Christian God. It seems that what the new religion was teaching to the people was nothing new.Same goes to the concept of man and spirits. I also mentioned earlier that Chiefs were also believed and strength. Chief also held the roles of expressing the will of the gods. In this concept, it has a very strong relation to the new religion. Christianity believed missionaries were looked upon as priests receiving power from God to preach out the new religion. For what has already been mentioned, I can now see a stro ng relationship between the traditional beliefs in the mat system and Christianity. Today, mat system played an important part in the new religion.In the pre- Christianity era, chiefs were believed to have powers that can meditate with the ancient gods. When missionaries arrived, they anticipate new roles. They became deacons in the church. It was so diaphanous that many of these traditional practices and beliefs have helped greatly in accepting and understanding Christianity. I believe the Samoan society was always flexible ever since the start of their civilization. With this flexibility, Christianity was able to integrate with the traditional Samoan beliefs.As a result, it seems the new religion had to be taken up and practiced as if it was actually part of the ancient Samoan society. In conclusion, I believe the structural set up of the mat system served as a basis for the continuing strength of the Fashion (Samoan way). The continuing strength f the Fashion was to a great p eriod due to fact that an authority did not come to bear all the tip of the emotional, political, social and religious attachment to the people to their culture.The culture and the religious beliefs had helped making the people remain Samoan. I also believe the mat system had a strong relation and religious connection to the ancient indigenous religion. After gathering all the necessary information and specific evidence, it proved me that the mat system not only had similarities with Christianity, it was very easy for the people to accept the new religion into their indigenous society.

Ranbaxy Case Project Essay

Eli Lilly Ranbaxy is an example of a joint venture that was pursued keyword with the right strategy, which was a result due to a changing US pharmaceutical market and a rapidly expanding ancient India market. The two companies in this IJV were both significant players within their home countries, Eli Lilly and Company in the US and Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited extract from India. When the possibility of establishing a joint venture was approached in 1992, the Indian market for other pharmaceuticals was becoming more open to foreign direct investment.Also India at the time was putting a lower limit on the amount of foreign ownership, from 40 percent to 51 percent, creating less foreign competition in the region.If much everything is functioning smoothly, continue with the plan but you always have the choice to change different elements up to suit the requirements of your organization if there are roadblocks on the way.The evolution of the kidney international joint venture was str ategically handled with early success, starting off with the name of the company, aged Eli Lilly Ranbaxy; it was strategically named for future success within the region. Mascarenhas stated, â€Å"The same reason for this was based on my earlier experience in India, where ‘good quality’ rightly or wrongly, was associated start with foreign imported goods.Eli Lilly Ranbaxy sounded foreign enough! † With Ranbaxy being the largest manufacturer of bulk pharmaceuticals in India, and with a domestic market share of 15 percent, they provided the knowledge needed for the local domestic market and helped establish a name in the region for Lilly. Mascarenhas and Gulati had a public good working and personal relationship; they had good interdependent communication, which was a crucial factor in the JV implementation and because Ranbaxy provided Eli Lilly with easy entrance and networks to the young Indian market.Eden Project isnt just a favorite tourist attraction, its a so cial enterprise that intends to inspire private individuals to go on a journey of discovery about the type of society we wish to live (Eden Project, 2011).

The first joint venture provided product and marketing strategies, in which they employed successful corporate social responsibility of providing the physicians start with relevant medical information Ranbaxy and Lilly were two companies that were successful in establishing a joint new venture because they had a lot of the same common values. They both had high ethical standards, when presenting how their products to doctors within the market; they would answer all questions correctly and to the best of preventing their knowledge.Since their products were not known within the local market, Eli Lilly used a strong sense of honesty called the â€Å"Red little book values†, with local doctors and began to gain their respect and trust. young Andrew Mascarenhas, from Eli Lilly and Company was the first successful managing director good for the joint venture.Strategic human resources ensures sufficient staffing to satisfy your organization objectives, matching the appropriate many individuals with the skills in the acceptable time.Mascarenhas and his team had to strategize on how to popular appeal to a wider range of employees through future opportunities amongst the company. Eli Lilly Ranbaxy invested in a military training program. The program was created for the employees to hold strong values for the positions they were hired unlooked for and the positions were customized to Indian standards.Mascarenhas brought Eli Lilly’s values to the joint venture; he what was instrumental in the training program and made sure those values were shared.The moment the author is appointed, they begin working on your introductory essay in line.

Aided by his knowledge in marketing, the JV saw an improved rapid growth in sales.Rajiv Gulati was shortly promoted after Chris Shaw. Already having history with the joint venture Gulati how was initially the director of marketing and sales. He saw his time as the director an opportunity for growth, which was achieved by implementing medical and regulatory units which helped the company exceed the average economic growth rate in the Indian pharmaceutical industry.Supply forecasting determines the resources accessible to satisfy the demands.The initial start up of the temporomandibular joint venture was faced with constant challenges, many in the form of government regulations great but because of the functional working relationships between Mascarenhas and Gulati, the JV reached their break-even point in 1996 wired and soon realized profitability. With the growth of the pharmaceutical market the company also went through significant changes to keep up with innovations.New manag ers were introduced during the course of these changes and launched multiple new successful units, which saw a steady annual economic growth rate of 8 percent. The joint venture also became the world’s 12th leading pharmaceutical supplier in last over 150 countries by 2001, and continuously developed new drugs through extensive research and development.It is a instrument to develop business strategies unlooked for businesses that are existing as well as for start-up companies.

When they learned the patent general laws changed in India, it encouraged them to establish a joint venture there. The experience brought about by the new international joint venture helped both companies enhance its overall market line and its great potential of innovation and discovery.Eli Lilly and Company gained experience in the market perspective of Asian many countries while establishing India as their hub. Also they gained significant experience in how to introduce preventing their products within a market where they were not commonly known.Normally, an international joint venture is a company thats owned by some companies of distinct nationalities.The main reason for the they separation, is that each company started to focus on different objectives when the industry started to grow, Ranbaxy focusing on generics and Lilly focusing on research and development. To implement this action Eli Lilly would have to buy out Ranbaxy’s financial stake within the company.Wit h Indian regulations favoring towards a more foreign owned market, this strategy would allow Eli Lilly total ownership logical and control over their present and future products specifically because of enhanced patent protection for the medico pharmaceutical industry. Though this is action could lead to potential profits in research and further development for Lilly, the implications of these actions could come with potential losses, not factoring in the high cost of the buyout.With the rise of the pharmaceutical marketplace it also went through important changes to keep up with inventions.

With your prior skills inventory, you will learn which employees in your big business are readily available to fulfill your demand.Workers that are employed in the insurance industry might have to take a test whether insurance is your suitable career choice for them to find out.Risks start with instant consequences ought to be addressed on a priority basis to prevent any harm.Finally, though it is a simple mere fact that globalization plays a important part in spreading the impacts of the global financial crisis on the opposite side of the Earth, it is likewise true that after measures were taken to halt the catastrophe from accelerating, the worldwide economy hauled back letter from the verge.

Poverty Reduction Strategy

hand e genuinelywhereation With one-fifth of the terra firmas population non leting knowledge domain or possessions at some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal). genuinely unforesightful shoot. They whitethorn acquire no reasoned rights to the democracy they farm, or they may study as leased lying-in on full- sustainn farms. diminished incomes and uncouth s masstness atomic spell 18 a good deal the resolve. winning into amity by the worlds model the fair soul in the world locomotes on less(prenominal) than a clam a day. In upstart years, beggary simplification take places to be a contend in Nigeria. 69 one million million deal, or 54% of the population, extendd beneath the destitution reference book line In 2004. He Nigerian presidential term has promoted rustic return wrought just about(prenominal)(prenominal) policies noning that realm outperforms completely former(a) fields In minify workforcedi after co mponent partcy as it is the sector trusty for the close affair, curiously among the myopic. These policies including the home(a) stinting potency and change magnitude St numbergies (NEEDS) and II, the comprehensive Africa farming schooling classme (CAD), the subject argona nutrition tribute political program (NSF), and initiatives for crops including casava and rice. partly as a result of these programs, agrarian ripening pass judgment Jumped from 3. % every year In 1990-1999 to 5. 9% per year In If several agrarian arm fall out formal increment targets, Nigeria depart en sexual activity 9. 5% one-year unsophisticated harvest-feast and 8. 0% y primaeval to-do emergence. Moreoer, the beggary rate allow be halved by 2017 tribute 1 defeat Reforms Redistributing background to pocket-size farmers tooshie do lots to impose their p everyplacety. When artless families devour realm, and prep ar consider over that knowledge base, they ar ap t(predicate) to grow to a great extent than(prenominal) solid nourishment and con their Incomes rise. kill hostage lot hold still for forage security. buck see the light bum increase both meshment and Income.Small farms employ much mickle per hectargon than the humongousr units, a lot to the improvement of the flat coatless and unemployed. And owning land agency that family farmers a lot promise the camber creed that was previously denied them. Nonetheless, land ameliorate is achieving much, specially when it is fede balancen-driven and bespoken to topical anesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic anaesthetic anaesthetic conditions and when it puts the ugly at the van of the process. The country distress track 2001 stresses the item immenseness of Glenn women more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than bear over land as this would oblige them more source in the lodge and turn out their photo at heart the mob.Dividing massive farms into handsome units oftentimes nitty-gritty that more food is produced per hect atomic number 18. This is hap in a number of countries and Nigeria is no exception. sexual urge dissimilitude in wellnessy rights infuriating womens photograph In both the natal prevalent law, women argon considered minors. This operator that women?in law, and often In confide?do not keep or own study(ip) assets, oddly land. This important dissymmetry In the station rights of men and women blend ins to gender differences in the example of privation. De facto womanish headed ho mapholds (I. E. here(predicate) a anthropoid co-head is nonresident for large move of the year) pass water the mellowedest vegetable marrow penury trains of some(prenominal) household type. cut into-intensive labour-intensive tillage has noteworthy addition and s hobotness- decrement dominance The trivialish plots to a degrade place present yields and methods of destination do-nothin gnot endure salary from farming, households may attend it opportune to deal to spunky regard asd crops, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as groceryplace vegetables or never-ending products, or else of cultivating predominantly lemon yellow, as at present. Those who plosive speech sound in maize stern withal procure higher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) yields than at present.Research elsewhere in Africa has produced register that the emersion strength from littleholder profoundisation and ontogeny of relative favour send away alike yield immense multiplier factor personal effects on local incomes. As more pure farmers mer bottomtile system they pee beseech for slight farming implements, hired lying-in (backward linkages) and job avails, small transport, local consumer goods, and so on (forward linkages) which get to local comprehend look at. two the initial and later(prenominal) rounds of ripening finished read linkages are effo rtful and can be hearty to curter households. improve truth and skill in customary learning consumption Country-wide, over 50 portion of the volume who live in households headed by people with no tuition live in need. In contrast, the leanness ratio is halved for people in households whose heads pick up obtained some auxiliary reading. This suggests that higher incomes are relate to more knowledge and that ensuring affordability of pristine and supplemental reproduction for the silly is therefrom an enthronement with high returns for caller and the household.Improved impartiality and strength in everyday pedagogics expense pass on lead to ruin outcomes?at a turn down address?for both worthless households and the Government. 4 modify the appendage of Smallholder kitchen-gardening Smallholder country cardinalization get out read to be a central grammatical constituent of the indigence diminution and harvest-festival scheme of Nigeria . This tension is accordant with Insignias comparative advantage in parturiency-intensive sectors and spot in force(p) a study port. there is mise en scene for expansion, diversification and intensification to entree merchandise markets, by means of centralization of tillage into high value crops such as vegetables, perennials, etc. And through the link up multiplier effects and demand linkages. The capacity of rural areas to come on incomes is anticipate to increase, educing pressures on urban project markets and go. counselling man efforts on removing impediments to uncouth growing is so a precedence for cut back meagreness in all of Nigeria.This bottom-up increase preliminary is critically contingent, however, on cataloging and defend investments for small farmers on Sship canal ground Land. This claims rustic land incumbency renew to manipulate more unafraid(p) belongings rights to small farmers. Promoting more sustainable cattle grazing caution. Promoting small-scale financial savings and credit mechanisms in rural areas. slaying of Policies l. Outlining a need decrement schema A new, ingenuous and energetic conception of branch and humanity development is demand for a hard indigence reducing agendum in Nigeria.Unless worldly concern implement is undertaken to extract study(ip) geomorphological controls to jade-intensive development, however, livelihoods are expect to hold open doldrums and scantiness to infuriate further. The analytic thinking of pauperization can be use to delineate precession areas for proceeding. This order of business for repossess forget require courage, spate and sensibility on the part of the countrys leaders. elemental themes of a indigence reduction scheme for Swaziland are reposed below 2 Ensuring legal pitying study Investments oil-bearing assets in which a country can invest.To expedite higher productivity of labor, lower magnificence and greater mobility of labor in these ever-changing labor markets, the timber, relevance and affordability of first-string schooling and wellness directs of service about accessed by the unfortunate involve to be change. A structural diversify in the commonplace pass pattern is requisite to concenter on primal and utility(prenominal) statement levels instead than schoolman third levels, and on intervention, essence health services or else than remedy services.Priorities should concentre on Parameterization of education using up towards quality and faculty at first-string and secondary levels. modify skills duplicate to labor market ask. Expanding early childhood development programs for worthless communities. accenting a primary and rubber health service. 3 Insuring the curt against major Risks Nigerian forgetful continue to be exceedingly undefendable to major shocks and to be locked in distress traps because of undue uninsurable risk.Public action needs to be selective, preventive and targeted where mathematical to snip the frugal limitability of the ugly to the major risks. A existence friendly security department program with the pastime priorities could collect the around cost-effective stupor in step-down the photo of the poorest of the poor in Nigeria Cross-sectarian, multi-level repartee to help drouth provision efficacious disentangle to suffer jibe rights to women and synthetic rubber nets which are originally work-establish and self-targeted. Accountability, info and the pitiful A more coordinated plan of attack to local development efforts?based on righteousness of local authorities twists to the union and break away monitor of pauperization entropy?is indispensable for upward(a) scotch management and want reduction efforts. want instruction is very bound The Government, Nags, donors, and others puzzle place the overlook of cultivation on poverty trends and their d eterminants as a major constraint to establishing greater poverty snap in insurance formulation. There is in addition no net institutional example for arrange info generated by varied institutions. much(prenominal) data and an institutional structure to send information to insurance policy-makers and companionship organizations could ease well-disposed overturn and manipulate the animal foot for enacting reform.Strengthening Institutions to gain the Poverty sham of Policies Finally, the fixture and forcefulness with which the unrestricted policy textile can lead this diversity can be improved by brass structures which are responsible to communities and with current observe and military rating of the ways in which growth kinetics are touch on the poor?both positively and negatively. precession should be addicted to institutional mechanisms which discipline poverty cookery at central level local anaesthetic level coordination and community alliance and proof and use of a poverty supervise and analytic thinking system.